Author: (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817)

Pteromylaeus bovinus (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817)

Diagnosis: front lobe of pectoral fin under snout (subrostral lobe) rather long and a little pointed in front. Middle row of teeth in upper jaw 6-8 times as broad as long. Dorsal fin originating before pelvic fin tips. Colour: upper surfaces with 7-8 pale transverse streaks in juveniles, plain brown in adults; underside whitish, with tips of pectoral fins more or less brownish-red. Size: to 150 cm disc width.

Habitat: see family; moderately abundant. Food: see family. Reproduction: ovoviviparous; gestation about 6 months, with 4-6 young produced, having a disc width of about 45 cm at birth.

Distribution: Atlantic coasts from Madeira and Morocco northward to northern Portugal (but not the Azores); also, Mediterranean (most abundant along African coast), but not Black Sea. Elsewhere, southward to South Africa.

Complementary iconography. Bini, 1967: 187-188, fig.
Eggs, embryonic and young stages. Lo Bianco, 1909: 671-672 | Tortonese, 1956: 282, fig. 155 (embryo).

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Chondrichthyes
Superorder Hypotremata
Family Myliobatidae
Genus Pteromylaeus
Species Pteromylaeus bovinus

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Accepted name: Pteromylaeus bovinus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817)

Scientific synonyms and common names

Pteromylaeus bovinus (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817)

Synonyms:

Pteromylaeus bovinus (E.. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817)
Myliobatis bovina E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817, Descr. Égypte, Poiss.: pl. XXVI (fig. l) (description: I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1827, ibid., 1: 336) (off Alexandria).No type material.
Myliobatis bovina: Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1829: 392 Günther, 1870: 490-491 Moreau, 1881: 446-447 Doderlein, 1884: 238-239 Lozano Rey, 1928: 646-649, fig. 193 Nobre, 1935: 490-491 Fowler, 1941: 469-470 Dieuzeide et al., 1953: 126-127 Soljan, 1963: 75-77, fig.
Myliobatis aquila (non Linnaeus)- Bonaparte, 1833: fasc. II, pta. 12, 2 p., 1 pl. Canestrini, 1872: 60-61 Stossich, 1880: 45.
Myliobatis episcopus Valenciennes, 1844, Ichthyologie in Webb & Berthelot, Hist. nat. Iles Canaries, 2: 98-99, pl. XXIV (Canary Islands). Holotype: MNHN no. A 8715, stuffed head and jaws only.
Myliobatis bonaparti Duméril, 1865, Hist. nat. Poiss., 1: 635-636 (Mediterranean coast of Algeria, Canary Islands). Two syntypes: MNHN no. 2356, A 8715, which is ths holotype of M. episcopus as well.
Pteromylaeus bovinus: Garman, 1913: 439 Fowler, 1936: 135-136, fig. 56 Cadenat, 1950: 115, fig. 36 Poll, 1951: 141-143, fig. 61, pl. IX (fig. 1) Albuquerque, 1954-1956: 178-179, fig. 106A Tortonese, 1956: 280-283, fig. 153-155 Capapé & Quignard, 1975 :1329, 8 fig.
Leiobatus bovina: De Buen, 1935: 40.

Common names:

Bull ray [En]
Aigle vachette [Fr]
Mourine [Fr]
Vaccarella [It]
Bispo [Pr]
Chucho vaca [Es]

*Nobre, A. 1935. Fauna marinha de Portugal. 1. Vertebrados (Mamiferos, Reptis e Peixes), Porto.: Ixxxiv+1-21 (Mamiferos); 1-5 (Reptis); 1-574 (Peixes), 77 pl., 64 phot.

Albuquerque, R. M. 1954-1956. Peixes de Portugal e ilhas adjacentes. Chavas para a sua determinação. Port. Acta biol., ser. B,5:xvi+1167 p., 445 fig.

Bini, G. 1967-72. Atlante dei pesci delle Coste italiane. Mondo Sommerso, Milano, 9 vol: I, 1967, Leptocardi, Ciclostomi, Selaci, 206 p., 66 fig+64 col. fig. II, 1971, Osteitti (Acipenseriformi, Clupeiformi, Mictofiformi, Anguilliformi), 300 p., 73 col. fig. III, 1970, Notacantiformi . . . Zeiformi, 229 p., 34 fig+63 col. fig. IV, 1968, Perciformi (Mugiloidei, Percoidei), 163 p., 34 fig+49 col. fig. V, 1968, Perciformi (Percoidei), 175 p., 22 fig.+56 col. fig. VI, 1968, Perciformi (Trichiuroidei . . . Blennioidei), 177 p., 48 fig+57 col. fig. VII,1969, Perciformi (Ofidioidei . . . Dactilopteroidei), 196 p., 57 fig.+59 col. fig. VIII,1968, Pleuronettiformi, Echeniformi, Gobioesociformi, Tetraodontiformi, Lofiformi, 164 p., 34+63 fig. IX, 1972, Introduzione. Parte generale. Aggiornamenti. Indici. 176 p.

Bonaparte, C. L. 1832-41, Iconografia della Fauna italica per le quattro classi degli Animali Vertebrati, tomo III, Pesci, Roma, without pagination, 75 puntate (in 30 fasc.), 78 pl.

Buen, F. de. 1935. Fauna ictiologica. Catalogo de los peces ibericos: de la planicie continental, aguas dulces, pelagicos y de los abismos proximos. Primera parte. Notas Resúm. Inst. esp. Oceanogr., ser. II, (88) :1-89, pl. I-XX (fig. 1-40). Secunda parte. Ibid., ser. II, (89): 91-143, pl. XXILIII (fig. 40-115).

Cadenat, J.1950. Note sur les merlus de la côte occidentale d'Afrique. Congr. Pêches Pêcher. Un. Franc. d'Outre-Mer, Inst. Col. Marseille :128-130.

Capapé, C; Quignard, J.P. 1975. Contribution a la systematique et a la biologie de Pteromylaeus bovinus (Geoffroy S. Hilaire, 1817) (Pisces Myliobatidae) des cotes tunisiennes. Bull. Mus nat. Hist. nat., (3) 338, Zool. 240: 1329-1347, 8 fig.

Dieuzeide, R.; Novella, M. (collab. J. Roland), 1953-55. Catalogue des Poissons des Côtes algériennes. Bull. Stn Aquic. Pêch. Castiglione, I (n.s.), (4), 1952 [1953]: 1-135, 73 fig. n. num.; II (n.s.), (5), 1953 [1954] :1-258, 135 fig. n. num.; III (n.s.), (6), 1954 [1955] :1-384, 202 fig. n. num.

Döderlein, P.1879-91. Manuale Ittiologico del Mediterraneo ossia senossi metodica delle varie specie di pesci riscontrate sin qui nel Mediterraneo ed in particolare nei mari di Sicilia. Palermo, 1879-91 (on title: '1879-80') 5 parts: I, 1879: viii+67 p.; II, 1881:1-120; III, 1884 :121-258; IV, 1889 :1-188; V, 1891:189-320.

Duméril, A. H. A.1865. Histoire naturelle des poissons ou ichthyologie générale, Paris, 2 vol., 1: 720 p., Atlas: 14 pl.

Fowler, H. W.1936. The Marine Fishes of West Africa, based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition 1909-15. Bull. am. Mus. nat. Hist., 70 (1), Jan. 21, 1936: vii+606 p., fig. 1-275; (2), Nov. 18,1936: 607-1493, fig. 276-567.

Fowler, H. W.1941a. Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. The fishes of the groups Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Isospondyli and Ostariophysi obtained by the United States Bureau of Fisheries Steamer 'Albatross' in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Bull U.S. natn. Mus., 100 (13) :1-879, fig. 1-30.

Garman, S. 1913. The Plagiostomia (Sharks, Skates, and Rays). Mem. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 36: xiii+528 p., 77 pl.

Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E. 1817. Poissons de la Mer Rouge et de la Méditerranée in Description de l'Égypte . . ., Paris, Planches Histoire Naturelle, 1, Poissons, pl. 18-27.

Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, I. 1827. Histoire Naturelle des Poissons du Nil (suite) in Description de l'Égypte . . ., Paris, Hist. Nat., 1: 265-310. Suivi de: Histoire Naturelle des Poissons de la Mer Rouge et de la Méditerranée: 311-350.

Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, I. 1829. Suite de l'Histoire Naturelle des Poissons du Nil in Description de l'Égypte . . ., 2nd ed., 24, Zool., 4: 245-338. Suivi de: Histoire Naturelle des Poissons de la mer Rouge et de la Méditerranée: 339-400.

Günther, A.1870. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. 8. Catalogue of the Physostomi containing the families Gymnotidae, Symbranchidae, Muraenidae, Pegasidae and of the Lophobranchii, Plectognathi, Dipnoi, Ganoidei, Chondropterygii, Cyclostomata, Leptocardii in the collection of the British Museum. London, xxv+549 p.

Lo Bianco, S.1909. Notizie biologiche riguardanti specialmente il periodo di maturita sessuale degli animali del golfo di Napoli. Mitt. zool Stn Neapel, 19: 513-761.

Lozano y Rey, L.1928. Fauna Ibérica. Pesces (Generalidades, Ciclóstomos y Elasmobranquios). Mus. Nac. Ciencias Nat., Madrid, 1:1-692,197 fig., 20 pl.

Moreau, E.1881-91. Histoire naturelle des poissons de la France, Paris, I, 1881: I-VII+ 1-480, fig. 1-82; II, 1881:1-572, fig. 83-145; III, 1881:1-697, fig. 146-220; Suppl., 1891: 1-144, fig. 221-227.

Poll, M.1951. Poissons. I. Généralités. II. Sélaciens et Chiméres. Rés. Sci. Expéd. océanogr. belg. Eaux côt. afr. Atlant. Sud (1948-49J, 4 (1) :1-154, 66 fig., 13 pl.

Soljan, T. 1963. Fishes of the Adriatic (Ribe Jadrana). Fauna et flora adriatica 1 (revised and enlarged for the English edition), 428 p., many unnumbered fig.

Tortonese, E. 1956b. Leptocardia, Ciclostomata, Selachii. Fauna Ital., 2: 334 p., 163 fig.

Valenciennes, A. 1837-44. Ichthyologie des îles Canaries, ou histoire naturelle des poissons rapportés par MM. Webb et Berthelot. In: P. B. Webb et S. Berthelot, Histoire naturelle des Iles Canaries. Paris, 2 (2):1-109, 26pl. [Plates: 1837: pl.1, 3-4, 8, 11-12; 1838: pl. 7, 10, 13, 14, 17; 1839: pl. 5, 9, 15-16, 18; 1840: pl. 2; 1841: pl. 6- 1842: pl. 19;1843: pl. 20-23;1844: pl. 2426. Text: 1842 :1-8;1843: 9-96;1844: 97-109].

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