Author: Eichwald, 1838

Alosa pontica Eichwald, 1838

Diagnosis: body fairly slender, belly with a prominent keel of scutes, upper jaw with a distinct median notch. Gillrakers rather thin, total not more than 75, usually 50-60 on first arch, about length of gill filaments. Colour: back green/blue, flanks silvery white with a pink hue; a dark spot posterior to gill-opening and occasionally additional spots down flank. Size: to 30 cm, usually 20-25 cm.

Habitat: marine pelagic, also penetrating sometimes considerable distances up rivers; shoaling, strongly migratory. Food: mainly small fishes, also crustaceans. Reproduction: anadromous, spawning in mid-May to mid-August in rivers affluent to the Black Sea, reaching to over 1,000 km from the estuary of the Don and about 500 km up the Danube.

Distribution: Black Sea, also Sea of Azov in summer.

Eggs, larvae and young stages. No data.
Otoliths (sagitta). No data.

Note: Alosa brashnikova maeotica of Svetovidov (1952: 254 and 1963: 284) is recognized as a distinct variety or form of A. pontica in Clofnam 33.6.4.2.

Subspecies:

Alosa pontica pontica Eichwald, 1838
Eggs, larvae and young stages. Vladimirov, 1955: 54, fig. 16 | Kryzanowsky, 1956: 6, fig. 1-8.
Otoliths (sagitta). No data.

Alosa pontica pontica var.?
Eggs, larvae and young stages. No data.
Otoliths (sagitta). No data.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Osteichthyes
Order Clupeiformes
Family Clupeidae
Genus Alosa
Species Alosa pontica

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Synonym of Alosa immaculata Bennett, 1835

Scientific synonyms and common names

Alosa pontica Eichwald, 1838

Synonyms:

Clupea pontica Eichwald, 1838b, Bull. Soc. nat. Moscou, 11(1): 135 ('Habitat in Ponto Euxino prope Odessa').

Subspecies:

Alosa pontica pontica Eichwald, 1838
Clupea pontica Eichwald, 1838, loc. cit.: 135.
Clupea eichwaldi Grimm, 1901, Vestn. rîbopr., 16 (2): 67 (Azov Sea).
Alosa pontica var. Danubii Antipa, 1906, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-naturw. Kl., 78 (1905): 17, pl. I (fig. 48) ('westlicher Teil des Schwarzen Meeres vor den Donaumündungen, bei Konstanza und Mangalia').
Alosa pontica var. nigrescens Antipa, 1906, ibid.: 21, pl. I (fig. 1-3) (rumänische Küste vor den Donaumündungen').
Alosa pontica var. Russac Antipa, 1906, ibid.: 22, pl. II (fig. 1-5) ('in sehr geringen Mengen in rumanischen Gewassern').
Clupeonella pontica: Berg, 1913, (8)11: 477.
Caspialosa pontica: Berg, 1915, 4 (6): 12.
Caspilosa pontica var. chtamalocephala Issatschenko, 1925, Arb. All-Ukrain. wiss. prakt.Staats-St. Schwarz. und Azow Meeres, 1: 110, 116 (mouth of Dniepr, Otchakov).
Caspialosa pontica eichwaldi: Majorowa, 1939, 2: 29.
Caspialosa kessleri pontica: Svetovidov, 1943, 22 (4): 231 Berg, 1948: 124, fig. 92.
Alosa kessleri pontica: Svetovidov, 1952: 282, fig. 48, pl. XXI (fig. 1), pl. XLIX; 1964: 102, fig. 30-31.
Alosa pontica pontica: Banarescu, 1964: 239, fig. 106.

Alosa pontica pontica var.?
Clupea pontica (non Eichwald, 1838) Kessler, 1874, Tr. S. Petersb. Obsth. estestvoisp., 5 (1): 306 (partly).
Clupea maeotica Grimm, 1901, Vestn. rîboprom., 16 (2): 67 (Black and Azov Seas).
Alosa maeotica: Brauer, 1912, 2 (2): 123 (Dniestrovskyi Liman).
Clupeonella maeotica: Berg, 1913, (8)11: 477.
Caspialosa brauneri Nikolsky, 1923b, Bull. Gos. Chern. Azovsk. nauchnoprom. opitn. st., (8-9): 5 (after Brauer, 1912).
Caspialosa brauneri m. elongata Issatschenko, 1925, Arb. All Ukrain. wiss.-prakt. Staats-St. Schwarz. u. Azow Meeres, 1: 128 (Otchakov).
Caspialosa maeotica: Berg, 1932, 1: 75.
Caspialosa brashnikovi maeotica: Svetovidov, 1943, 22 (4): 231 Berg, 1948: 119.
Alosa brashnikovi maeotica: Svetovidov, 1952: 254, fig. 38, pl. LV (fig. 2).
Alosa kessleri pontica var.?: Svetovidov, 1964: 117, fig. 32-33.
Alosa maeotica maeotica: Banarescu, 1964: 244.


Common names:

alose du pont euxin [Fr]
pontic shad [En]
tschernomorskaja seld [R]

Antipa, G. 1906. Die Clupeiden des westlichen Teiles des Schwarzen Meeres und der Donaumündungen, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 78,1905 [1906] :1-57, 6 fig., 3 pl.

Banarescu, P. 1964. Pisces. Osteichthyes. Fauna Repub. pop. rom., Bucuresti, 13 :1-962, 402 fig.

Banarescu, P. 1964. Pisces. Osteichthyes. Fauna Repub. pop. rom., Bucuresti, 13 :1-962, 402 fig.

Berg, L. S. 1913. A Review of the Clupeoid Fishes of the Caspian Sea, with Remarks on the Herring-like Fishes of the Russian Empire, Ann. Mag. nat. Hisr., (8)11: 472-480.

Berg, L. S. 1913. A Review of the Clupeoid Fishes of the Caspian Sea, with Remarks on the Herring-like Fishes of the Russian Empire, Ann. Mag. nat. Hisr., (8)11: 472-480.

Berg, L. S. 1915. Predvaritel'nyi otchet o sel'dyakh, sobrannikh v Caspyiskom morye Caspyiscoy ekspeditziey 1913. Mater. pozn. russ. rybol., 4 (6): 3-8, 2 pl.

Berg, L. S. 1932-1933. Les poissons des eaux douces de l'U.R.S.S. et des pays limitrophes, ed. 3, Leningrad, 1, 1932: 554, fig. 1-474; 2, 1933: 545-903, fig. 475-762, map (in Russian).

Berg, L. S. 1948-1949. Ryby presnykh vod SSSR i sopredel'nykh stran, 4 ed., 1, Opred. pofaune SSSR, no. 27, 1948 :1-466, fig. 1-281; 2, ibid., no. 29, 1949: 467-925, fig. 282-674; 3, ibid., no. 30, 1949: 927-1382, fig. 675-946, map (in Russian).

Brauer, A. 1912. [Die Heringe (Clupeidae) des Schwarzen und Azowschen Meeres.] Trav. Soc. Nat. Amat. Sci. nat., Bessarabie, 2 (2) :115-134 (in Russian).

Eichwald, C. E. von 1838b. Faunae Caspii maris primitiae. Bull. soc. Nat. Moscou, 11(1) :125-147.

Grimm, O. 1901. Azovskye sel'di, Vestn. Ryboprom., 16 (2): 57-70 (in Russian).

Grimm, O. 1901. Azovskye sel'di, Vestn. Ryboprom., 16 (2): 57-70 (in Russian).

Issatschenko, W. 1925. Zur Erforschung der Heringe Genus Caspialosa des nordwestlichen Schwarzmeer-Bassins. Arb. All-Ukrain wissensch.-praktisch. Staats-Stat. Schwarzen und Asowschen Meeres, 1:103-131 (in Russian, with German Summary).

Issatschenko, W. 1925. Zur Erforschung der Heringe Genus Caspialosa des nordwestlichen Schwarzmeer-Bassins. Arb. All-Ukrain wissensch.-praktisch. Staats-Stat. Schwarzen und Asowschen Meeres, 1:103-131 (in Russian, with German Summary).

Kessler, K. 1874. Opisanie rib, prinadlezhastshikh semeystvam obstshim Chernomu i Caspyiskomu moryam. Trudy- leningr. Obshch. Estest., 5 (1) :131-324,1 pl. (in Russian).

Kryzanowsky, S. G. 1956. Materialy po razvitiu sel'devikh rib. Trudy Inst. Morf. Zhivot., 17: 255 p., 70 fig. (in Russian).

Majorowa, A. A. 1939. Classification du hareng gen. Caspialosa de la Mer Noire et de la Mer d'Azov. Trav. Stat. Piscic. Biol. Géorgie, 2: 9-49 (in Russian, with French summary).

Nikolsky, A. M. 1923b. Noviy vid sel'di iz Chernogo morya. Bull. Gos. Chernom.-Azovsk. nauchnoprom. opitn. st., (8-9): 46.

Svetovidov, A. N. 1943. [On the Clupeoid-fishes of the Caspian and the Black Seas (genera Caspialosa and Clupeonella) and on the conditions of their development]. Zool. Zh., 22 (4): 222-233 (in Russian, with English Summary).

Svetovidov, A. N. 1943. [On the Clupeoid-fishes of the Caspian and the Black Seas (genera Caspialosa and Clupeonella) and on the conditions of their development]. Zool. Zh., 22 (4): 222-233 (in Russian, with English Summary).

Svetovidov, A. N. 1952. [Clupeidae, Fauna U.S.S.R., Fishes], 2 (1): 331 p., 54 fig., 53 pl. (Engl. transl., Jerusalem, 1963: 374 p.).

Svetovidov, A. N. 1952. [Clupeidae, Fauna U.S.S.R., Fishes], 2 (1): 331 p., 54 fig., 53 pl. (Engl. transl., Jerusalem, 1963: 374 p.).

Svetovidov, A. N. 1964. Rîbî Chernogo Morya. [The fishes of the Black Sea]. Opred Faune SSSR, 86 :1-552, fig. 1-191 (in Russian).

Svetovidov, A. N. 1964. Rîbî Chernogo Morya. [The fishes of the Black Sea]. Opred Faune SSSR, 86 :1-552, fig. 1-191 (in Russian).

Vladimirov, V. J. 1955. Uslovya razmnozenia rib v Niznem Dnepre i Kakhovskoe gidrostroitel'stvo. Inst. Hydrob. Akad. Nauk Ukr. SSR: 147 p., 27 fig. (in Russian).

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