Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)

Lampetra fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Diagnosis: in addition to the characteristics given in the key, the average diameter of the sucking-disc (sexes combined) is equal to 56.6% of the branchial region and 5.6% of the total length. The number of trunk myomeres ranges from 58 to 66. Size: the maximum length obtained is 450 mm, while the average length is between 310 and 340 mm. For anatomical details consult Marinelli (1954).

Habitat: found in fresh- and saltwater areas. There are two forms, one migratory which is large and another small sedentary form.
Food: parasitic on many different types of fish.
Reproduction: the number of eggs varies with the size of the female from 4,000 to 40,000. The egg diameter is approximately 1 mm.

Distribution: in the area, coastal waters and rivers of north-western Mediterranean Sea, along European Atlantic coast, North Sea and the whole of Baltic Sea; absent from Black, Caspian and Polar Seas. In the Baltic Sea area it is an important economic species, with yearly catches between 1 and 2 million individuals. In the freshwater areas of western Europe are found 2 additional non-parasitic or satellite species of Lampetra. For further details on lamprey satellite species see Vladykov & Kott (1979a).

Spawning. Damas, 1950, 81: 151-162, fig. 1-3 | Hagelin & Steffner, 1958, 9 (2): 221238, fig. 1-9 | Hagelin, 1959,10(1): 50-64, phot. 1-9.
Eggs, larvae and young stages. Ivanova-Berg, 1933, 25: 22-37; 1949: 21-23 | Vladykov, 1959: 207-208 | MacDonald, l959a, 28: 293-298; l959b, 18: 91-95.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Agnatha
Order Petromyzoniformes
Family Petromyzonidae
Genus Lampetra
Species Lampetra fluviatilis

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Accepted name: Lampetra fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Scientific synonyms and common names

Lampetra.fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Synonyms:

Petromyzon fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. X: 230 ('Habitat in fluviis Europae'). Type: unknown.
Lampetra fluviatilis: Gray, 1851, 1:140, pl. I (fig. 2); 1853, 19: 237, pl. IV (fig. 2) Regan, 1911, 7 (8) : 202 Creaser & Hubbs, 1922, (120) : 12 Rauther, 1924, 6 (1) : 680, fig. ll9B Schnakenbeck, 1927, 7(12): 3. fig 3-4 d'Ancona, 1930b, fiche 2 Berg, 1931a, 32 (1) :106, pl. I, 4, pl. II, 1-2 Holly, 1933, 59: 23, fig. 24 Lozano Rey, 1935, 5: 26, fig. 7 Poll, 1947: 27, fig. 5-7 Berg, 1948, 27: 38, fig. 31-35 Zanandrea, 1957, 42: 271 , fig. 3 Fontaine, 1958: 160, fig. 103 Zanandrea, 1959, 31(2): 265, pl. IX Spillmann, 1961: 274, fig. 99 Zanandrea, 1962, 2(8): 712, fig. 3 Sterba, 1962, III B, 10: 267, fig. 5 Tortonese, 1963, 74 :157.
Petromyzon fluviatilis: Heckel & Kner, 1858: 377, fig. 202 Siebold, 1863: 372 Couch, 1867, 4: 395, pl. CCXLVII, 2 Gunther, 1870, 8: 502 Blanchard, 1880: 515 Moreau, 1881, 3:604 Smitt, 1895, 2:1188, pl.LIII,2-4 Leger,1924,179: 841 Cotronei, 1927, 8: 371 Nybelin, 1964,1: 224, col. phot. 76.

Common names.

Mihule ricni [Cs]
flodnegenøjn [Da]
Flussneunauge [De]
river lamprey [En]
lamprea de rio [Es]
silmus [Est]
lamproie fluviatile [Fr]
paklara rijecna [Hr]
lampreda di fiume [It]
rivierprik [Ne]
flodnejonogat [No]
minog [Pl]
lampreia do rio [Pr]
baltiyskaya minoga [Ru]
nahkiainen [Su]
flodnejonoga [Sv]
amproye [Wa]

Ancona, U. d'.1930b. Lampetra fluviatilis. In: L. Joubin, ed., Faune ichthyol. Atlant. N., CIEM, Copenhagen, fiche 2.

Berg, L. S. 1931a. A review of the lampreys of the Northern Hemisphere. Ezheg. zool. Muz. [Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. Sci. URSS], 32 (1): 87-116, pl. I-VIII.

Berg, L. S. 1948-49. Ryby presnykh vod SSSR i sopredel'nykh stran, 4 ed., 1, Opred. pofaune SSSR, no. 27, 1948 :1-466, fig. 1-281; 2, ibid., no. 29, 1949: 467-925, fig. 282-674; 3, ibid., no. 30, 1949: 927-1382, fig. 675-946, map (in Russian).

Blanchard, E. 1880. Les poissons des eaux douces de la France, Paris, 2e ed.: xvi+656 p., 115 fig., 52 pl.

Cotronei, G. 1927. Ricerche morfo-ecologiche sulla biologia comparata dei Petromizonti. Parte I, Pubbl. Staz. zool. Napoli, 8 (3-4): 371-426.

Couch, J. 1867-68. A History of the Fishes of the British Islands, 2nd Ed. London, 1,1867: vii+245 p., fig. n. num., col. pl. I-LVII; 2,1867: iv+265 p., col. pl. LVIII CXX, 3,1868: iv+208 p., col. pl. CXXI-CLXXIX; 4,1867: iv+439 p., fig. n. num., col. pl. CLXXX-CCXVIII+XV, LXXVI, LXXXII, CXXIII.

Creaser, C. W.; Hubbs, C. L. 1922. A revision of the Holarctic Lampreys. Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 120: 14 p.

Damas, H. 1950. La ponte en aquarium des lamproies fluviatiles et de Planer. Annls Soc. r. zool. Belg., 81:151-162, fig. 1-3.

Fontaine, M. 1958. Formes actuelles des Cyclostomes. Répartition géographique, systématique. In: P.-P. Grassé, Traité de Zoologie, 13 :151-163.

Fries, B. F.; Ekström, C. U.; Sundevall, C. J. 1893-95. A History of Scandinavian Fishes, rev. and compl. by F. A. Smitt, Stockholm & Paris, I, 1893 :1-566+viii, fig. 1-134; II, 1895: 567-1240, fig. 135380; Atlas, Pt. I, 1893, pl. I-XXVII; Pt. II, 1895, pl. XXVII A-LIII.

Gray, J. E. 1851. List of the specimens of fish in the collection of the British Museum. Part I. Chondropterygii. London, x+160 p., 2 pl.

Gray, J. E.1853. Description of a new form of lamprey from Australia, with a synopsis of the family. Proc. zool. Soc., Lond., 19,1851[1853]: 235-241, pl. IV-V.

Gunther, A. 1869. An account of the fishes of the states of Central America, based on collections made by Capt. J. M. Dow, F. Godman, Esq., & 0. Salvin, Esq. Trans. zool. Soc. London, 6 (7): 377-494, 24 pl.

Hagelin, L. 0.1959. Further aquarium observations on the spawning habits of the river lamprey (Petromyzon fluviatilis). Oikos, Copenhagen, 10 (1): 50-64, phot. 1-9.

Hagelin, L. O.; Steffner, N. 1958. Notes on the spawning habits of the river lamprey (Petromyzon fluviatilis). Oikos, 9 (2): 221-238, fig. 1-9.

Heckel, J. J.; Kner R. 1858. Die Süsswasserfische der Österreichischen Monarchie mit Rücksicht auf der angrenzenden Länder, Leipzig: xii+388 p., 203 fig.

Holly, M. 1933. Cyclostomata. Das Tierreich, 59: xiv+62 p., 57 fig.

Ivanova-Berg, M. M. 1933. Zur Biologie des Flussneunauges (Lampetra fluviatilis (L.)). Arch. Hydrobiol., 25: 22-37.

Léger, L. 1924. Valeur spécifique des trois sortes de lamproies d'Europe et stades jeunes de Petromyzon fluviatilis. C.r. hebd. Séanc. Acad. Sci., Paris, 179: 841-843.

Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae, ed. X, vol. 1, 824 p. Nantes & Pisces: 230-338. (Reprint, 1956, London.)

Lozano y Rey, L.1935. Los peces fluviales de España. Mems R. Acad. Cienc. exact. fis. nat. Madr., ser.: Cienc. nat., 5: xi+390 p., 28 pl.

MacDonald, T. H. l959a. Estimates of length of larval life in three species of lamprey found in Britain. J. Anim. Ecol., 28: 293-298.

MacDonald, T. H. l959b. Identification of ammocoetes of British lampreys. Glasg. Nat., 18 (2): 91-95.

Marinelli, W. 1954. Lampetra fluviatilis (L.). In: Marinelli and Strenger (eds.), Vergleichende Anatomie and Morphologie der Wirbeltiere, Vol. I (I), p. 1-80. F. Deutickel, Vienna.

Moreau, E. 1881-91. Histoire naturelle des poissons de la France, Paris, I, 1881: I-VII+ 1-480, fig. 1-82; II, 1881:1-572, fig. 83-145; III, 1881:1-697, fig. 146-220; Suppl., 1891: 1-144, fig. 221-227.

Nybelin, 0.1964a. Agnathi: 223-225. In: Andersson, Fiskar och Fiske i Norden.

Poll, M.1947. Poissons marins in Faune de Belgique. Bruxelles, 452 p., 267 fig., 2 pl., 2 maps n. num. (inset).

Rauther, M. 1924. Cyclostomi in Bronn's Klassen u. Ordnun. Tierreichs, 6 (1): 583-701, fig. 116 124.

Regan, C. T. 1911. A synopsis of the Marsipobranchs of the order Hyperoartii. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (8) 7 :193-204.

Schnakenbeck, W. 1927. Cyclostomi. In: G. Grimpe & E. Wagler. Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee, Leipzig, 7 (12): dl-dl4, 13 fig.

Siebold, C. 1863. Die Süsswasserfische von Mitteleuropa. Leipzig, vi+431 p., pl. I-II.

Spillmann, C. J. 1961. Poissons d'eau douce, Faune de France, 65, Paris: 303 p., 102 fig., 11 pl.

Sterba, G. 1962. Die Neunaugen (Petromyzonidae): 263-352, 52 fig., in: Handbuch Binnenfischerei Mitteleuropas, 3 (10).

Tortonese, E. 1963c. Elenco riveduto dei Leptocardi, Ciclostomi, Pesci cartilagine e ossei del mare mediterraneo. Annali Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Giacomo Doria, 74 :156-185.

Vladykov, V. D. 1959. The taxonomy of European ammocoetes (Petromyzontidae). Proc. int. Congr. Zool., 1958 [1959]: 207-208.

Vladykov, V. D.; Kott, E. 1979a. Satellite species among the holarctic lampreys. Can. J. Zool., 57: 860-867.

Zanandrea, G. 1957. Esame critico e comparativo delle Lamprede catturate in Italia. Archo zool. ital., 42: 249-307, pl. I-II.

Zanandrea, G. 1959. Lampetra fluviatilis catturata in mare nel golfo di Gaeta. Pubbl. Staz. zool., Napoli 31(2): 265-307, pl. IX.

Zanandrea, G. 1962. Lamprede in Europa. La ricerca scientifica, Roma, 2 (8): 710-723, fig. 1-5.

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